Your thyroid gland is closely related to digestion. An overactive thyroid gland can cause frequent constipation or diarrhea.4 But an underactive thyroid gland can cause constipation. If something inhibits TH synthesis, digestion may slow down.5
Like appetite, TH can regulate metabolism. Therefore, weight gain and weight loss are common symptoms of thyroid disease. Hypothyroidism often leads to weight gain. When people have an underactive thyroid, they tend to gain more weight because their metabolism is lower. However, excessive weight gain is rare in hypothyroidism.3
Conversely, hyperthyroidism often causes weight loss. This is because when your thyroid is overactive, your metabolism goes into high gear. Weight loss is also associated with complications of hyperthyroidism.3 If your thyroid is slightly overactive, you may not lose as much weight as if you were overactive.
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